Clark, Tom Campbell

Clark, Tom Campbell
(1899-1977)
   Born in Dallas, Texas, Tom Clark briefly served in the Texas National Guard in 1918 before attending the University of Texas. He graduated from law school in 1922 and practiced law in Dallas until 1927, when he became the city’s district attorney. In 1937, he joined the U.S. Department of Justice, where he held various posts, including handling the legal aspects of the relocation of Japanese Americans in 1941. In 1943, he became assistant to Attorney General Francis Biddle, and in 1945 he himself was appointed attorney general by President Harry S. Truman. As attorney general, Clark was active in civil rights, providing amicus curiae briefs in Shelley v Kraemer and supporting the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s investigation of lynchings. Clark also presented 160 antitrust suits. He offended liberals by drawing up a list of dangerous organizations, mostly left-wing, and approving the use of wiretaps and the prosecution of members of the Communist Party of the United States of America. Despite some opposition, he was confirmed as a Supreme Court justice in 1949 following Frank Murphy’s death. In his new role, he earned Truman’s ire by voting to declare the president’s seizure of the steel mills unconstitutional in Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. v. Sawyer in 1952, having previously advised the president that such action was legal.
   Clark took a generally conservative position in the court and supported anticommunist measures, but he also was an advocate of civil rights and voted with the majority to declare school segregation unconstitutional in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka in 1954. He also wrote the majority decision against daily school Bible readings. He resigned in 1967 when his son, Ramsey Clark, was appointed attorney general by Lyndon Johnson.

Historical Dictionary of the Roosevelt–Truman Era . . 2015.

Игры ⚽ Нужно решить контрольную?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Clark, Tom C. — ▪ American jurist original name  Thomas Campbell Clark   born Sept. 23, 1899, Dallas, Texas, U.S. died June 13, 1977, New York, N.Y.       U.S. attorney general (1945–49) and associate justice of the United States Supreme Court (1949–67).… …   Universalium

  • Clark, Tom — orig. Thomas Campbell born Sept. 23, 1899, Dallas, Texas, U.S. died June 13, 1977, New York, N.Y. U.S. jurist. He studied law at the University of Texas and entered private practice in Dallas. As a civil district attorney, he became involved in… …   Universalium

  • Clark, Tom — orig. Thomas Campbell (23 sep. 1899, Dallas, Texas, EE.UU.–13 jun. 1977, Nueva York, N.Y.). Jurista estadounidense. Estudió derecho en la Universidad de Texas y se dedicó al ejercicio privado de la profesión en Dallas. Como fiscal de distrito… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Tom C. Clark — Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court In office August 19, 1949[1] – June 12, 1967 …   Wikipedia

  • Tom C. Clark — Tom Clark mit Präsident Lyndon B. Johnson Tom Campbell Clark (* 23. September 1899 in Dallas; † 13. Juni 1977 in New York City) war ein US amerikanischer Jurist, Politiker, Justizminister (Attorney General) und Richter …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Clark — noun 1. United States explorer who (with Meriwether Lewis) led an expedition from St. Louis to the mouth of the Columbia River; Clark was responsible for making maps of the area (1770 1838) • Syn: ↑William Clark • Instance Hypernyms: ↑explorer,… …   Useful english dictionary

  • Clark — /klahrk/, n. 1. Alvan, 1804 87, and his son Alvan Graham, 1832 97, U.S. astronomers and telescope lens manufacturers. 2. Champ /champ/, (James Beauchamp), 1850 1921, U.S. political leader: Speaker of the House 1911 19. 3. (Charles) Joseph (Joe),… …   Universalium

  • Clark — I. biographical name Champ 1850 1921 James Beauchamp Clark American politician II. biographical name George Rogers 1752 1818 American soldier & frontiersman III. biographical name Helen 1950 prime minister of New Zealand (1999 ) IV. biographical… …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • Clark Gregg — Gregg at the Epic Mickey launch party at the Times Square Disney Store, November 30, 2010. Born June 29, 1962 (1962 06 29) …   Wikipedia

  • Tom Watson (golfer) — Tom Watson Tom Watson …   Wikipédia en Français

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”